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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 





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The Winters Art Lithographing Company's 



POPULAR PORTFOLIOS 



OP THE 



World's Columbian Exposition 



(m 1) GROUNDS AND PRINCIPAL BUILDINGS 

(m 2) STATE BUILDINGS 

(m 3) POREIGN BUILDINGS 

(N2 4) LAGOONS AND ORIENTAL BUILDINGS 



ILLUSTRATIONS EROA\ 

WATER COLOR DRAWINGS 

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TO BE ISSUED IN THEIR ORDER AS PLANS ARE OEEICIALLY ACCEPTED 






CHICAGO 



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The Winters Art Lithographing Company 

SUITE 1117 THE ROOKERY 



COPY- 

AUG 2 

36603 W' 



The trade Supplied through a r\ PUNK & co/ v \PANY--58 and 60 Wabash avenue 



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THE A\ANUrACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING. 



♦ VoTAE 
2/ \ Art: 



OTABLE for its symmetrical proportions, the Manufactures and Liberal 
QJ \ Arts Building is the mammoth structure of the Expositioq. It measures 
1,700 by 800 feet aqd covers more thaq 31 acres. Rectangular in shape, the 
building incloses two immense courts, withiq which, staqd two other structures 
which, are in themselves of no inconsiderable size. Of these latter oqe is de- 
voted to the exhibit of the Leather industries aqd tqe otqer is Music Hall. 

The Liberal Arts Building is iq the Corinthiaq style of architecture aqd 
iq point of being severely classic, excels nearly all of th,e other edifices. The 
long array of columqs aqd arches, which, its facades present, is relieved from 
monotony by very elaborate ornamentatioq. Iq this ornamentation female 
figures, syrqbolical of the various arts aqd sciences, play a conspicuous aqd 
very attractive part. 

Designs showing iq relief tqe seals of tqe differeqt States of the Unioq aqd 
of various Foreigq Nations also appear iq the ornamentatioq. These, of course, 
are gigantic iq their proportions. The Agricultural Building perhaps is 
the only one which, has a more elaborately ornamental exterior thaq has 
this colossal structure. Fronq tf\e center of th,e building a dome 350 feet iq 
diameter rises to tr\e height of 250 feet. Thjs is surrounded by a gallery. Th,e 
maiq roof is of iroq aqd glass aqd has its ridge 120 feet frorq th,e grouqd. 



Tqe exterior of tqe building is covered with, "staff," which, is treated to 
represent marble. Tr\e huge fluted columns and th,e immense arches are 
apparently of thjs beautiful material. The graqd entrances at th,e corners of 
th,e building aqd midway at tqe sides consist of lofty arches iq piers of elab- 
orate desigq aqd ornamentatioq. Tqere are numerous other entrances less 
imposing. 

• Inside tlqe building a gallery 48 feet wide extends around all four sides, 
aqd fronq it numerous loggias afford access to th,e exterior aqd opportunities 
for visitors to catch, views of tqe otqer buildings aqd of tqe Grouqds aqd tqe 
Lake. Tqe gallery space greatly iqcreases th,e available area for exhibits. 
Th,e architect of thjs gigantic building, George B. Post, of New York, has 
beeq remarkably successful iq giving architectural symmetry aqd effectiveness 
to tqe immense proportions with, which, he had to deal aqd his work stands as 
oqe of tqe marvels of tqe Expositioq. 

Tqe building occupies a most conspicuous place iq tqe Grounds. It 
faces th,e Lake, with, only lawns and promenades betweeq. North, of it is th,e 
United States Government Building, south, th.e Harbor aqd in-jutting 
Lagooq, aqd west tqe Electrical Building aqd tqe Lagooq separating it 
frorq th,e Wooded Island. 



THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING. 



r'ORMING th^e Northerq or Picturesque Quadrangle is a group of buildings 
q|. of which tl^e Transportation Building is oqe, It is situated at tf\e 
southerq eqd of tqe west flank aqd lies betweeq tqe Horticultural aqd tqe 
Mines Buildings. Its axial relatioq is with tr\e Manufactures Building oq 
the east side of ti\e Quadrangle, tqe central feature of each of tqe two 
buildings being oq the same east aqd west liqe. 

Tqe Transportation Building is exquisitely refined aqd simple iq archi- 
tectural treatment, although, it is very rich ar l c ' elaborate iq detail. Iq style it 
savors mucq of tr\e Romanesque, although to the initiated the manner in which 
it is designed oq axial liqes aqd the solicitude showq for fiqe proportions, and 
subtle relatioq of parts to each other, will at once suggest the methods of 
compositioq followed at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. 

Viewed from, the Lagooq, the cupola of the Transportation Building will 
fornq the effective southwest accent of the Quadrangle, while from the cupola 
itself, reached by eight elevators, the Northerq Court, the most beautiful 
effect of the entire Expositioq, may be seeq iq all its glory. 

The maiq entrance to the Transportation Building will consist of an 
immense single-arch enriched to aq extraordinary degree with carvings, bas- 
reliefs aqd mural paintings, the entire feature forming a rich aQd beautiful yet 
quiet color climax, for it is treated iq leaf and is called the golden door. 

The remainder of the architectural compositioq falls iqto a just relatioq of 
contrast with, the highly wrought entrance, and is duly quiet aqd modest 
though very broad in treatment. It consists of a continuous arcade with 
subordinated colonnade aqd entablature, Numerous minor entrances are 
frorq time to time pierced iq the walls, aqd with therq are grouped terraces, 
seats, drinking fountains aqd statues. 

The interior of the building is treated much after the manner of a Romaq 
Basilica, with broad nave aqd aisles. The roof is therefore iq three divisions; 
tlqe middle oqe rises much higher thaq the others, aqd its walls are pierced 



to forrq a beautiful arcaded clearstory. The cupola, placed exactly iq the 
center of the building aqd rising 165 feet above the ground, is reached by 
eight elevators. These elevators will of themselves naturally forrq a part of 
the Transportatioq Exhibit, and as they will also carry passengers to galleries 
at various stages of height, a fiqe view of the interior of the building may 
easily be obtained. The maiq galleries of this building, because of the 
abundant placing of passenger elevators, will prove quite accessible to visitors. 

The maiq building of the Transportation Exhibit measures 960 feet front 
by 256 feet deep; frorq this will extend westward to Stony Island avenue, a 
triangular Annex covering about nine acres, and consisting of oqe story build- 
ings 64 feet wide, set side by side. There will be a railway track every 16 
feet aqd all these tracks will ruq east aqd west. These Annex buildings may 
be used to exhibit aq entire freight or passenger traiq coupled up with ' ts 
engine. It is likely that the display of locomotive engines will be quite 
stupendous, for they will all be placed eqd oq to the central avenue or nave 
of the maiq building. As there will probably be at least 100 engines exhibited, 
and placed so as to face each other, the perspective effect of the maiq avenue 
will be remarkably effective. Add to the effect of the exhibits the architect- 
ural impressioq giveq by a long vista of richly ornamented colonnade, aqd it 
may easily be imagined that the interior of the TRANSPORTATION BUILDING will 
be oqe of the most impressive of the Expositioq. 

The exhibits to be placed iq the building will naturally include everything 
of whatsoever narqe or sort devoted to the purpose of Transportatioq, aqd will 
range frorq a baby carriage to a mogul engine, from a cash conveyor to a 
ballooq or carrier pigeoq. Technically, this exhibit will include everything 
comprised iq Class G of the Official Classificatioq. 

To assist in the placing of exhibits, a transfer railway with 75 foot tables 
will ruq the entire length °f tn e structure aqd immediately west of the maiq 
building, 



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THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDING. 



3 M MEDIATELY soutlq of the entrance to Jackson. Park frorq the Midway 
Plaisance, aqd faciqg east oq the Lagooq, is the Horticultural Building. 

Iq front is a flower terrace for outside exhibits, including tanks for 
Nympheas aqd the Victoria-Regia. The froqt of the terrace, witr\ its low parapet 
betweeq large vases, borders the water, aqd at its center forms a boat landing. 

The building is 1,000 feet long, with, aq extreme widtq of 285 feet. The 
plaq is a central pavilioq witq two eqd pavilioqs, eacq connected witq the center 
pavilioq by front aqd rear curtains, forming two interior courts, eaclq 88 by 270 
feet. These courts are beautifully decorated iq color aqd planted witq orna- 
mental shrubs aqd flowers. The ceqter pavilioq is roofed by a crystal dome 
187 feet iq diameter aqd 113 feet higq, under which^ are exhibited the tallest 
palms, bamboos aqd tree ferns that caq be procured, There is a gallery iq 
eacq of the pavilions. The galleries of the end pavilions are designed for 



cafes, the situatioq and the surroundings being particularly adapted to recrea- 
tioq and refreshment. These cafes are surrounded by aq arcade oq three 
sides, frorq whicr^ charming views of the Grouqds caq be obtained. 

Iq this building are exhibited all the varieties of flowers, plants, vines, 
seeds, horticultural implements, etc. Those exhibits requiring sunshine and 
light are showq iq the rear curtains, where the roof is entirely of glass and not 
too far removed frorq the plants. The front curtains and space under the 
galleries are designed for exhibits that require only the ordinary amount of 
light. Provisioq is made to heat suclq parts as require it. 

The exterior of the building is iq "staff," tinted iq a soft warm buff, 
color being reserved for the interior aqd the courts. 
The cost of this building was about $400,000. 



THE ELECTRICAL BUILDING. 



(DThE Electrical Building is 351 feet wide aqd 767 feet long, tqe major 
*-L axis running nortlq aqd soutq. Tlqe soutq front is oq tr\e great Quad- 
rangle or Court; tqe nortf\ front faces tr\e Lagoon; tlie east front is opposite 
tlqe Manufactures Builoing, aqd tqe west faces tlqe Mines Building. 

Trje general scheme of tqe plaq is based upoq a longitudinal nave 115 
feet wide and 114 feet higq, crossed iq tlqe middle by a transept of tqe sarqe 
widtq aqd height. Tqe nave and tf\e transept have a pitched roof witlq a 
range of skylights at tlqe bottonq of tlqe pitclq aqd clearstory windows. Trie 
rest of tr)e building is covered witlq a flat roof, averaging 62 feet iq height 
aqd provided withi skylights. 

Tfie second story is composed of a series of galleries connected across 
tlqe nave by two bridges, witlq access by four grand staircases, Tqe area of 
tlqe galleries iq tlqe second story is 113,546 square feet, or 2.7 acres. 

Tlqe exterior walls of tlqis building are composed of a continuous Corintlq- 
ian order of pilasters 3 feet 6 inches wide aqd 42 feet Iqigq, supporting a full 
entablature, aqd resting upoq a stylobate 8 feet 6 inches. Tlqe total' heigrqt 
of tlqe walls fronq tlqe grade outside is 68 feet 6 inches. 

Tqe nortlq pavilioq is placed between tqe two great apsidal or semi-circu- 
lar projections of tlqe building; it is flanked by two towers 195 feet higlq. Tlqe 
central feature is a great semi-circular window, above whiclq, 102 feet fronq 
tlqe ground, is a colonnade forming aq opeq loggia or gallery, commanding a 
view over tlqe Lagooq aqd all tqe qortlq portioq of tlqe Grounds. 

Tlqe east aqd west central pavilions are composed of two towers, 168 feet 
higlq. Iq front of tlqese two pavilions there is a great portico composed of 
tlqe Corinthiaq order witlq full columns. 

Tqe soutfi pavilioq is a hemicycle or niche, 78 feet iq diameter aqd 103 
feet higlq, Tlqe opening of this qiche is franqed by a semi-circular arcfi, whiclq 
is crowned by a gable or pediment witlq smaller gables oq tqe returns, aqd 
surmounted by aq attic, tqe whole reaching tlqe height of 142 feet. Iqtqe 
center of this qiche, upoq a lofty pedestal, is a colossal statue of Franklin, 
whose illustrious nanqe intimately connects th^e early history of trie Republic 
with oqe of tlqe most important discoveries iq tqe phenomena of electricity, 



At eaclq of tlqe four corners of tlqe building there is a pavilioq, above 
whiclq rises a light opeq spire or tower, 169 feet hig hq. Intermediate betweeq 
these corner pavilions and the central pavilions oq the east and west sides, 
there is a subordinate pavilioq bearing a low, square donqe upoq aq opeq 
lanterq. There are thus teq spires and four donqes. The entablature of the 
great Corinthiaq order breaks around eacq of the pilasters of the four fronts, 
and above eacq pilaster iq the Attic order is a pedestal bearing a lofty nqast 
for the display of banners by day and electric lights by night. Of these masts 
there are iq all fifty-four. 

The first story of the building is indicated iq these facades betweeq the 
great pilasters of the Corinthian order, by a subordinate Ionic order, witlq full 
colunqns and pilasters, fornqing aq opeq screeq iq front of the windows. 

The Electricity Building has an open portico extending along the whole 
of the soutf\ facade, the lower or Ionic order fornqing an opeq screen in front 
of it. The various subordinate .pavilions are treated witlq windows and bal- 
conies. The details of the exterior orders are richly decorated, aqd the ped- 
inqents, friezes, panels and spandrils have received a decoratioq of figures iq 
relief, witlq architectural motifs, the general tendency of which is to illustrate 
the purposes of the building. 

The color of the exterior is like nqarble, but the walls of the hemicycle 
and of the various porticos and loggia are highly enriched with color, the 
pilasters iq these places being decorated witlq scagliola and the capitals witlq 
nqetal lie effects iq bronze. 

Iq the desigq of this building it was proposed by the architects to so 
devise its details and general outlines that they might be capable of providing 
an electric illumination by night on a scale hitherto unknown, the flag-staffs, 
the open porticos, and the towers, especially, being arranged with this in 
view. Vaq Bruqt &. Howe, of Kaqsas City, are tlqe architects. 

It was proposed that the henqicycle or qiche whiclq forms the south, 
porch should have either a great chandelier or crown of lights suspended 
fronq the center of the half donqe, or should be provided witlq electric lights 
masked behind the triumphal arclq which, forms the opening of the niche. 



THE CASINO AND PIER. 



» L_J LL visitors to tlqe Expositioq, it is safe to say, will inspect the Casino and 
qJ -L Pier, aqd not only inspect therri, but enjoy thoroughly th\e delights 
which, they, together with, their surroundings, afford. The Pier is eighty feet 
wide aqd extends 1000 feet out into Lake Michigaq frorr\ the easterq extrerqi- 
ty of th.e Grand Court or aveque running frorq tr\e Administration Building to 
tr^e Lake. Along the shore, oq either side of tr\e Pier, are broad, beautiful 
promenades, where thousands of visitors will throng iq tlie intervals of sight- 
seeing iq tqe Expositioq Buildings. 

Frorq tqe shore promenade they will walk out oq tqe Pier to tqe 
beautiful CASINO at tqe extremity. 

Tqe Casino is a composite structure, embracing nine pavilions, aqd was 
planned by its architects, Burling &. Whitehouse, of Chicago, to be a repre- 
sentatioq of Venice, oq a small scale, iq tqe waters of Lake Michigaq. Ac- 
cordingly, its architecture is of tlie Venetiaq order. The Casino is built oq 
piles, aqd measures 180 by 400 feet. With, the exceptioq of tqe central 
pavilioq, which rises to tr\e height of 180 feet, the pavilions are two stories 
high, rising eighty feet frorq the water. There is communicatioq betweeq 
tqe nine pavilions, both, by gondolas aqd bridges. Completely surrounded by 



water this structure, with, its fleet of boats aqd numerous water-ways, pre- 
sents a decidedly Venetiaq aspect. Surrounding the central pavilioq runs a 
gallery fifty-six feet wide. At tqe west eqd of tqe Pier stand tlqe thirteeq 
columqs designed by Sculptor St. Gaudens to represent tlqe Thirteeq Original 
States. Iq front of tlqe Casino is tlqe harbor for small pleasure craft. 

At night this harbor is lighted by incandescent lamps sunk beneatlq tlqe 
surface of tlqe water oq floats. Tqe material of tlqe Casino is of wood aqd 
tqe walls are covered witlq "staff." A striking combinatioq of high colorings 
is effected. Withiq tqe pavilioqs of tqe Casino are various conveniences that 
contribute to the comfort aqd enjoyment of visitors. 

Fanned by the cooling breezes of the Lake, visitors rqay sit aqd listeqto 
the strains of excellent music, rqay partake of light refreshments, may look 
out upoq the vast expanse of water aqd watch the g°i n 9 ar l c ' coming of 
gaily-decorated pleasure craft, aqd the heavily ladeq passenger steanqers 
plying to aqd fro betweeq the Pier aqd the City, or may turq shoreward 
aqd survey the throngs of pronqenaders along the beach, an .d the magqificent 
array of Expositioq palaces aqd other attractions. The Pier and Casino 
constitute oqe of the rqost popular of Expositioq resorts. 



THE FISHERIES BUILDING. 



— ^^iCTUREDoq the opposite page is the Fisheries Building, including the 

*|<o two smaller polygonal buildings connected with, the main building 

oq either end by arcades. ■ The extreme length of the building is 

1,100 feet, and the width, 200 feet. It is built oq a banana-shaped island, 

aqd sub-divided into three parts to conform, to the shape of tqe site. 

In. the central portioq is the general Fisheries Exhibit. In, one of the 
polygonal buildings is the Angling Exhibit, and iq the other the Aquaria. The 
exterior of the building is Spanish-Romanesque, wqiclq contrasts agreeably 
iq appearance witq the other buildings, 

The Fish, Exhibit is a wonderful oqe, and qot the least interesting portioq 
of it is tqe Aquarial or Live Fish, display. This is contained in a circular build- 
ing, 135 feet in diameter, standing near oqe extremity of tqe maiq Fisheries 
Building and iq a great curved corridor connecting tqe two. 

Iq tqe center of the circular building is a rotunda 60 feet in diameter, iq 
the middle of which, is a basiq or pool 26 feet wide, from, whicq rises a 
towering mass of rocks covered witq moss aqd lichens. Frorq clefts aqd 
crevices iq the rocks crystal streams of water gusq aqd drop to the masses of 
reeds, rushes, aqd ornamental semi-aquatic plants iq the basiq below. Iq 
this pool gorgeous gold fishes, goldeq ides, goldeq tencq, aqd other fishes 
disport. Fronq tqe rotuqda oqe side of the larger series of aquaria may be 
viewed. These are teq iq number aqd have a capacity of 7,000 to 27,000 gal- 
lons of water eacq. 



Passing out of tqe rotunda by the entrances, a great corridor or arcade is 
reached, where on oqe hand caq be viewed the opposite side of the series of 
great taqks aqd oq the other a line of tanks somewhat smaller, ranging frorq 
750 to 1,500 gallons eacq in capacity. The corridor or arcade is about 15 feet 
wide. The glass fronts of the Aquaria are iq lengtlq about 575 feet aqd 
have 3,000 square feet of surface. They make a panorama never before 
seeq iq any exhibitioq, aqd rival the great permanent aquariums of the world 
not only iq size but iq all other repects. 

The total water capacity of the Aquaria, exclusive of reservoirs, is 18,725 
cubic feet, or 140,000 gallons. This weighs 1, 192,425 pounds, or alrqost 600 
toqs. Of this amouqt about 40,000 gallons is devoted to the Marine Exhibit. 
Iq the entire salt water circulatioq, including reservoirs, there are abot 80,000 
gallons. The pumping aqd distributing plant for the Marine Aquaria is 
constructed of valcanite. The pumps are iq duplicate aqd eacq has a 
capacity of 3,000 gallons per hour, The supply of sea waterwas secured 
by evaporating the necessary quantity at the Woods Holl statioq of the United 
States Fish, Commissioq to about one-fifth its bulk, thus reducing botlq quantity 
aqd weight for transportatioq about 80 per cent, The freslq water required to 
restore it to its proper density was supplied from Lake Michigaq. 

Iq transporting the mariqe fishes to Chicago frorq the coast there was aq 
additioq of probably 3,000 gallons of pure sea water to the supply oq eacq trip. 
Every visitor will take a deep interest in the Fisheries Exhibit. 



THE GOVERN/HENT BUILDING. 



" TA ELIGHTFULLY located near tr\e Lake shore, south, of tlqe maiq Lagooq 

J_ I aqd of tqe area reserved for tqe Foreigq Nations aqd tqe several 
States, aqd east of tqe Woman's Building aqd of Midway Plaisance, is 
the Government Exhibit Building, Mexico's Building stands just nortlq 
of tlyat of tr\e United States, across th,e Lagooq. Tqe Government Building was 
designed by Architect Windrim, now succeeded by W, J. Edbrooke. It is classic 
in style, and bears a strong resemblance to tqe National Museunq aqd otqer 
Government buildings at Washingtoq. It covers aq area of 350 by 420 feet, is 
constructed of iroq, brick aqd glass, aqd cost $400,000. Its leading architect- 
ural feature is a central octagonal dome 120 feet iq diameter and 150 feet 
high,, tr\e floor of which, will be kept free frorq exhibits, Th,e building 
froqts to tqe west, aqd connects oq tqe nortr\, by a bridge over tf\-e Lagooq, 
witq tqe building of tqe Fisheries Exhibit. 

Tqe soutq half of tqe Government Building is devoted to tf\e exhibits 
of tlqe Post-Office Department, Treasury Department, War Departnqent and 
Department of Agriculture. Trie nortlq half is devoted to trie exhibits of tine 
Fisheries Commissioq, Smithsoniaq Institute aqd Interior Department. Tlqe 
State Department exhibit extends frorq tlqe rotunda to tr\e east end aqd that of 
tqe Department of Justice frorq the rotunda to th.e west end of tr\e building. 
Th^e allotment of space for th,e several department exhibits is: War Department, 
23,000 square feet; Treasury, 10,500 square feet; Agricultural, 23,250 square 
feet; Interior, 24,000 square feet; Post-Office, 9,000 square feet; Fishery, 
20,000 square feet, aqd Smithsoniaq Institute, balance of space. 

Tlie Treasury Department Exhibit is in charge of Assistant Secretary 
Nettleton. He matured tr\e plaqs wqereby tqe Mint, th,e Coast aqd tqe 
Geodetic Survey, tf\e Supervising Architect of tlqe Treasury, tlqe Bureau of 
Engraving aqd Printing, tfqe Bureau of Statistics, tlqe Life-Saving Board, tf\e 
Lighthouse Board and tlqe Marine Hospital all Iqave made exhibits. 

The authorities of the Mint show not only a complete group of the 
coins made by the United States, buta numberof tf\e coinsof foreigq countries. 

The Supervising Architect of the Treasury shows a number of photo- 



graphs of all of the public buildings of the Capital. These include 
not only the buildings, but they also include the parks and reservations. 

The Bureau of Engraving aqd Printing shows many new bills under 
framiqg. These include a sample of every bill of every denominatioq tqat 
theUnited States Government now authorizes as money. 

A Life-Saving Statioq is built aqd equipped witq every appliance aqd a 
regular crew goes through all life-saving manoeuvres. 

Perhaps th,e most interesting exhibit of tr\e wrple Treasury Department 
is tr\at by tr\e Coast Survey. It iqcludes a huge map of th^e United States, 
about 400 feet square or about tf\e size of a square of city property. This 
is accurately constructed plaster of paris aqd is placed horizontally oq tqe Ex- 
position grounds with a huge covering erected over it, with, galleries aqd path- 
ways oq tqe inside to allow tr\e visitors to walk over tr\e whole United States 
with, out touching it. This model is built oq a scale sqowing tqe exact height 
of mountains, th,e depth, of th,e rivers aqd tqe curvature of tr\e eartf\. 

The Quartermaster's Department shows lay-figure officers aqd meq of 
all grades iq tqe army, mounted, oq foot, fully equipped iq tqe uniforrq of 
tlqeir rank aqd service. 

Aside frorq tlqese tf\ere are nineteen figures, showing the uniforms 
worn during trie Revolutionary War aqd tqe War of 1812 aqd thirty-one figures 
showing the uniforms iq tqe Mexicaq War. A novel exhibit is tr\at of a 
telephone as used on tlqe battlefield. The heliograph, which, practically 
annihilates distance iq tqe matter of talking, is showq iq full operatioq. 
All means of army telegraphing aqd signalling with, th,e batteries, lines, cables, 
bombs, torches, aqd so fortf\, are showq witq great elaborateness. 

Capt. Whipple, of tf\e Ordnance Department, developed th,e plaq for 
aq exhibit of huge guns aqd explosives. At certaiq hours of tf\e day tr\ere 
are regular battery drills aqd loading and firing of pieces. Many of th.e 
guns used are tine finest of th,eir kind in th.e world. 

The exhibit of the Medical Bureau occupies a hospital built especially 
for its use, operated by a corps of hospital qurses aqd doctors. 



TME ADMINISTRATION BUILDING. 



' — ~T~)Y popular verdict trie Administration Building is pronounced tqe 
J gem, aqd crowq of tqe Exposition Buildings. It is located -at tlqe 
®^^ west eqd of tlqe great court iq tlqe soutlqerq part of tlqe site, looking 
eastward, aqd at its rear are tqe transportatioq facilities aqd depot. Tlqe 
object rqost conspicuous which, will attract tlqe gaze of visitors oq reaching 
tqe grounds is tqe Gilded Dorqe of this great building. This great edifice 
cost about $550,000. Th_e architect is Richard M. Hunt, of New York, Presi- 
dent of tlqe Americaq Institute of Architects, to whose established reputation 
it is a notable contribution.. It covers aq area of 250 feet square aqd consists 
of four pavilions 84 feet square, oqe at eacq of tqe four angles of tqe square 
aqd connected by a great central donqe 120 feet iq diameter aqd 220 feet iq 
height, leaving at tqe center of eacq facade a recess 82 feet wide, withiq 
which, are tlqe grand entrances to tqe building. Tine general desigq is iq 
tqe style of tqe French, renaissance. Tlqe first great story is iq tqe Doric 
order, of heroic proportions, surrounded by a lofty balustrade aqd having tqe 
great tiers of tqe angle of each, pavilioq crowned with, sculpture. Tlqe second 
story, with, its lofty aqd spacious colonnade, is of tqe loqic order, 

Externally tlqe desigq may be divided iq its height into three principal 
stages. Tlqe first stage consists of tlqe four pavilions, corresponding iq height 
with, tqe various buildings grouped about it, which, are about 65 feet high.. 
Tlqe second stage, which, is of tlqe same height, is a continuatioq of tqe cen- 
tral rotunda, 175 feet square, surrounded oq all sides by aq opeq colonnade 
of noble proportions, 20 feet wide aqd 40 feet high,, with, columns 4 feet iq 
diameter. This colonnade is reached by staircases aqd elevators from, the 
four priqcipal halls aqd is interrupted at tlqe angles by corner pavilions, 
crowned with domes aqd groups of statuary. Tqe third stage consists of tqe 
base of tqe great dorqe, 30 feet iq height, aqd octagonal iq forrq, aqd tqe 
dorqe itself. This great donqe is gilded, aqd forms a fitting crowq to trie first 
aqd second stages of tqe magnificent edifice. 

Th,e four great entrances, oqe oq eacq side of tqe building, are 50 feet 
wide aqd 50 feet high,, deeply recessed aqd covered by semi-circular arched 
vaults, richly coffered. Iq tqe rear of these arches are tlqe entrance doors, 



aqd above tqerq great screens of glass, giving light to tqe central rotunda. 
Across tqe face of these screens, at tqe level of tqe office floor, are galleries 
of communicatioq betweeq tqe different pavilions. 

Tqe interior features of this great building eveq exceed iq beauty aqd 
splendor those of tqe exterior, Betweeq every two of tqe grand entrances, 
aqd connecting tqe intervening pavilion with, tqe great rotunda, is a qall or 
loggia, 30 feet square, giving access to tlqe offices aqd provided with, broad, 
circular stairways aqd swift running elevators. Internally, tlqe rotunda is 
octagonal iq forrq, tqe first story being composed of eight enormous arched 
openings, corresponding iq size to tqe arches of tlqe great entrances. Above 
these arclqes is a freize, 27 feet iq width,, tlqe panels of which, are filled witlq 
tablets, borne by figures carved iq low relief aqd covered with, commemora- 
tive inscriptions. 

Above tlqe balcony is tlqe second story, 50 feet iq height, Frorq tlqe top 
of tlqe cornice of this story rises tlqe interior dorqe, 200 feet fronq tlqe floor, 
aqd iq tqe center is aq opening 50 feet iq diameter, transmitting a flow of 
light frorq tqe exterior donqe overhead. Tqe under side of tlqe dorqe is en- 
riched with, deep panelings. richly moulded, aqd tqe panels are filled with, 
sculpture, iq low relief, aqd immense paintings, representing tlqe arts aqd 
sciences. Iq size this rotunda rivals, if it does not surpass, tqe nqost cele- 
brated dorqes of a similar character iq tlqe world. 

Eacq of tqe corner pavilions, which, are four stories iq height, is divided 
into large aqd small offices for tlqe various Departments of tlqe Administratioq, 
aqd lobbies aqd toilet rooms. Tqe ground floor contains, iq oqe pavilioq, the 
Fire aqd Police Departments, with, cells for tlqe detentioq of prisoners; iq a 
second pavilioq are tlqe offices of tlqe Ambulance Service, tlqe Physiciaq aqd 
Pharnqacy, tlqe Foreigq Department aqd tqe Informatioq Bureau; iq tlqe third 
pavilioq, tqe Post-Office aqd a Bank, aqd iq tlqe fourth, tlqe offices of Public 
Comfort aqd a restaurant. Tlqe second, third aqd fourth, stories contaiq tlqe 
Board rooms, tlqe Committee rooms, tqe roorqs of tlqe Director-General, tlqe 
Departrqent of Publicity aqd Promotioq, aqd of tqe United States Col unqbiaq 
Conqrqission. 



THE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING. 



I t 1NE of the most magnificent structures raised for tlqe Exposition, is tr\e 
Vl/ Agricultural Building, of which, McKiwi, Meade & White, of New York, 
are tlqe architects. The style of architecture is classic renaissance. This 
building is put up very near th.e shore of Lake Michigaq, aqd is alnqost sur- 
rounded by tire Lagoons that lead into th.e Park fronq tlqe Lake. Th.e building 
is 500 x 800 feet, its longest dimensions being east aqd west. The north 
line of tr\e building is almost oq a line with th e Pier extending into the Lake, 
on, which heroic columns, emblematic of the Thirteen Original States, are 
raised, A Lagoon, stretches out along this entire front of the building. 
The east front looks out into a harbor which affords refuge for numerous 
pleasure craft. The entire west exposure of the building faces a con- 
tinuation, of the Lagooq that extends along the north side. With these pictur- 
esque surroundings as aq inspiratioq the architects have brought out designs 
that have beeq pronounced all but faultless. For a single story building the 
desigq is bold aqd heroic. The general cornice line is 65 feet above grade. 
Oq either side of the maiq entrance are rqammoth Corinthiaq pillars, 50 feet 
high ar ld 5 feet iq diameter. Oq each corner and frorq the center of the 
building pavilions are reared, the center oqe being 144 feet square. The 
corner pavilions are connected by curtains, forming a continuous arcade 
around the top of the building, The maiq entrance leads through aq open- 
ing 64 feet wide into a vestibule, frorq which entrance is had to the rotunda, 
100 feet iq diameter. This is surmounted by a rqammoth glass dorqe, 130 feet 
high. All through the maiq vestibule statuary has beeq designed illustrative 
of the Agricultural industry. Similar designs are grouped about all of the grand 
entrances iq the most elaborate manner. The corner pavilions are sur- 
mounted by dorqes 96 feet high, aqd above these tower groups of statuary. 
The desigq for these dorqes is that of three womeq, of herculeaq proportions, 
supporting a rqammoth globe. 

The Agricultural Building covers rqore thaq qine acres, aqd together 
with the Dairy aqd Forestry Buildings, which cover 1.7 aqd 4.5 acres re- 
spectively, cost about $1,000,000. 

To the southward of the Agricultural Building is a spacious structure 



devoted chiefly to a Live Stock aqd Agricultural Assembly Hall. This 
building is conveniently near oqe of the stations of the elevated railway. It 
is a very handsome building aqd will undoubtedly be the commoq meeting 
point for all persons iqterested iq live stock and agricultural pursuits. On 
the first floor, near the rqaiq entrance of the building, is located a Bureau of In- 
formation, iq charge of attendants, who furnish visitors with a " necessary infor- 
matioq in regard to the Assembly Hall aqd the maiq Agricultural Building as 
well as other features of the Expositioq. This floor also contains suitable 
committee aqd other rooms for the different live stock associations of every 
character, where such associations caq meet aqd have their secretaries iq 
constant attendance, thus affording this important industry ample headquar- 
ters near the Live Stock Exhibit aqd the Agricultural Building, Oq this floor 
there are also large aqd handsomely equipped waiting-rooms for ladies, 
lounging-rooms for gentlemeq and ample toilet facilities. Broad stairways 
lead frorq the first floor into the Assembly-roorq, which has a seating capacity 
of about 1,500. This Assembly-roorq furnishes facilities for lectures delivered 
by gentlemeq eminent iq their special fields of work, enqbracing every interest 
connected with Live Stock, Agriculture aqd allied industries. 

Takeq iq connectioq with th e exhibits, this feature makes that part of the 
Expositioq devoted to Live Stock, Agriculture aqd the Dairy a complete show- 
ing of the most advanced progress iq these branches of industry. Iq 
the Assembly-roorq the most approved theories will be advaqced aqd ex- 
plained. Oq the grounds aqd iq the Agricultural aqd Dairy Buildings 
will be the best illustratioqs of what caq be accomplished wheq these 
theories are put iqto practice. 

The entire second floor of the Assembly Hall is giveq up to committee 
rooms aqd rooms for headquarters for each aqd all of the different farmers' 
organizations iq existence iq this country, 

Such a building was never erected at aqy Expositioq aqd its constructioq 
here shows that the Board of Directors purposed affordmg every desirable 
facility that they could furnish to aid the great Livestock aqd Agricultural in- 
terests. 



TME NAVAL EXHIBIT. 




NIQUE among the other exhibits is that made by the United States 
Navy Department. It is iq a structure which., to all outward appear- 
ance, is a faithful, full-sized model of oqe of tr\e new coast-liqe battle- 
ships designed by the Bureau of Constructioq and Repairs of the Navy 
Department, aqd now being built at a cost of about $3,000,000 each, by 
Cramp &. Son, Philadelphia, and the Union Iron Works, Saq Francisco, 
This imitation Battleship of 1893 is erected oq piling oq the Lake front iq the 
northeast portion of Jacksoq Park. It is surrounded by water aqd has the ap- 
pearance of being moored to a wharf. The structure h as a H the fittings that 
belong to the actual ship, such as guns, turrets, torpedo tubes, torpedo nets 
aqd booms, with boats, anchors, chaiq cables, davits, awnings, deck fittings, 
etc., etc., together with all appliances for working the same. Officers, seamen, 
mechanics aqd marines are detailed by the Navy Department during the Ex- 
positioq, aqd the discipline aqd mode of life oq our naval vessels are com- 
pletely showq. The detail ofmeqisnot, however, as greatas the complement 
of the actual ship. The crew give certaiq drills, especially boat, torpedo aqd 
guq drills, as iq a vessel of war. 

The dimensions of the structure are those of the actual Battleship, to-wit: 
length, 348 feet aqd width amidships, 69 feet 3 inches; frorq the water liqe 
to the top of the maiq deck, i2 feet. Centrally placed oq this deck is a super- 
structure 8 feet high w 'th a hammock berthing oq the same 7 feet high, 
aqd above these are the bridge, chart-house and the boats. 

At the forward eqd of the superstructure there is a coqe-shaped tower, 
called the "military mast," near the top of which are placed two circular 
"tops" as receptacles for sharpshooters. Rapid firing guns are mounted iq 
each of these tops. The height frorq the water line to the summit of this 
military rqast is 76 feet, and above is placed a flagstaff for signalling. 

The battery mounted comprises four 13-inch breech loading rifle cannoq; 
eight 8-inch breech loading rifle cannoq; four 6-inch breech loading rifle 
cannoq; twenty 6-pounder rapid firing guns; six l-pounder rapid firing guns; 
two Gatling-guns, and six torpedo tubes or torpedo guns. All of these are 
placed aqd mounted respectively as iq the genuine battleship. 



The superstructure shows the cabins, staterooms, lavatories, lactrines, 
mess-rooms, galley aqd fittings, mess-table for crew, lockers, berthings, etc., 
also the manner iq which officers aqd eqlisted men live, according to the 
rules of the Navy. Oq the superstructure deck aqd bridge is showq the 
manner iq which the rapid firing guns, search lights, beats, etc., are handled, " 
The entrance to the conning tower is frorq the deck, iq which are all appur- 
tenances that the captaiq has at his disposal wheq taking the ship into battle 
aqd during the progress of a fight at sea. 

Aq electric light plant is installed and provisioq made for heating with 
steam, Oq the berth deck are showq the various fittings pertaining to the 
hull, machinery and ordnance; ordnance implements, including electrical de- 
vices, guq-carriage motors aqd range finders; models showing typical ships 
of the past and preseqt; samples of the provisions, clothing, stores aqd sup- 
plies, bunting, flags, etc. ; iq short, the thousand aqd oqe things that go to make 
up the outfit of a maq-of-war. 

The traditional costumes of the sailors of the Navy frorq 1775 to 1848 are 
showq by janitors dressed iq those costumes. 

Oq the starboard side of the ship is showq the torpedo protectioq net 
stretching the entire length of tqe vessel. Stearq lauqches aqd cutters ride at 
the booms, and all the outward appearance of a real ship of war is imitated. 

The desigq for the Naval Exhibit was conceived by Capt. R. W. Meade, U, 
S. N., the Naval Director, aqd member of the Board of Control aqd Manage- 
ment of the United States Government Exhibit, but the details of his plaq 
were worked out by oqe of the leading draughtsmen of the Bureau of 
Constructioq, Mr. F. W. Crogan, assisted by Mr. MiDDLETON, draughtsmaq 
frorq the office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department, aqd 
Lieut. E; D, Tansig, U. S. N., who were detailed by the Navy Department to 
assist Capt. Meade. 

Nothing of the kiqd has ever before beeq attempted at a World's Fair. The 
cost of this curious aqd original building is about $100,000. 



TME ART PALACE. 



GRECIAN-IONIC iq style, this building is a pure type of the most refined 
classic architecture. The building is oblong and is 500 by 320 feet, in- 
tersected nortri, east, south, aqd west by a great nave aqd transept 
100 feet wide aqd 70 feet high,, at tqe intersectioq of which, is a great dome60 
feet in diameter. The building is 125 feet to tqe top of the dorqe, which, is 
surmounted by a colossal statue of the type of famous figures of winged 
victory. The transept has a clear space through the center of 60 feet, being 
lighted entirely from above. 

Oq either side are galleries 20 feet wide, aqd 24 feet above the floor. 
The collections of the sculpture are displayed oq the maiq floor of the nave 
aqd transept, aqd oq the walls of botlq the ground floor aqd of the galleries 
are ample areas for displaying the paintings aqd sculptured panels iq relief. 
The corners made by the crossing of the nave aqd transept are filled witr\ 
small picture galleries. 

Around the entire building are galleries 40 feet wide, forming a continu- 
ous promenade around the classic structure. Betweeq the promenade and 
the naves are thesmaller rooms devoted to private collectionsof paintingsand 
the collections of the various art schools. Oq either side of the maiq building 
are several one-storied annexes, divided into large aqd small galleries. These 
annexes are 120 by 200 feet wide. 

The maiq building is entered by four great portals, richly ornanqented 
witlq architectural sculpture, aqd approached by broad flights of steps. The 
walls of tlqe loggia of the colonnades are higly decorated witlq mural paintings, 



illustrating the history aqd progress of the arts. The frieze of the exterior 
walls aqd the pediments of the principal entrances are ornamented witlq 
sculptures aqd portraits iq bas-relief of the masters of ancient art. 

The general tone or color is light gray stone. 

The constructioq, although, of a temporary character, is necessarily fire- 
proof. The maiq walls are of solid brick, covered witlq "staff," architecturally 
ornamented, while tqe roof, floors aqd galleries are of iroq. 

All light is supplied througlq glass sky-lights iq iroq franqes, 

Tlqe building is located beautifully iq the northerq portioq of the Park, 
witlq the soutlq front facing the Lagooq. It is separated fronq the Lagooq 
by beautiful terraces, ornamented witlq balustrades, witlq aq immense flight 
of steps leading dowq fronq the maiq portal to tlqe Lagooq, where there is a 
landing for boats. The nortlq front faces the wide lawq aqd the group of 
State buildings. The immediate neighborhood of the building is ornamented 
witlq groups of statues, replica ornaments of classic art, sucq as the Choriagic 
monument, the "Cave of the Winds," aqd other beautiful examples of 
Greciaq art. The ornamentatioq also includes statues of heroic aqd life-size 
proportions. 

This building cost betweeq $500,000 aqd $600,000, 

Tqe Art Palace was planned irq the World's Fair Constructioq Department 
under the eye of Supervising Architect D. H, Burnham, aqd the details worked 
out by Chief Designer P. B. Atwood; the annex is substantially, iqits facade 
at least, the outliqe plaq left by the late consulting architect GEORGE W. ROOT. 



THE MACHINERY HALL. 



MACHINERY HALL, of which. PEABODY &.STEARNS,of Bostoq, are tlqe archi- 
tects, has beeq pronounced by many architects second only to tqe 
Administration Building iq tqe magnificenceof its appearance, This 
building measures 850x500 feet, aqd with. tqe Machinery Annex and Power 
House, cost about $1,000,000. It is located at tqe extreme soutq end of tqe 
Park, midway between. tqe shore of Lake Michigaq aqd tqe west line of tqe 
Park. It is just south, of tqe Administration Building, aqd west aqd across 
a Lagooq frorq tine Agricultural Building, Tqe building is spanned by 
three arched trusses, aqd tqe interior presents tqe appearance of three 
railroad traiq-houses side by side, surrounded oq all of tr\e four sides 
by a gallery 50 feet wide. Tlqe trusses are built separately, so that 
they caq be takeq dowq and sold for use as railroad train-houses. I q each 
of these long naves there is aq elevated traveling crane running frorq eqd to 
eqd of the building, for tqe purpose of rqoving machinery. These platforms 
are built so that visitors rqay view frorq therq tqe exhibits beneath.. The 
power for this building is supplied frorq a power-house adjoining tqe south. 



side of tqe building. Tqe two exterior sides adjoining tqe Grand Court are 
riclq aqd palatial iq appearance. 

All of tqe buildings oq this great plaza are designed with, a view to mak- 
ing a grand background for display, aqd, iq order to confornq to tqe general 
richness of th.e court aqd add to tqe striking appearance, tr\e two facades of tlqe 
Machinery Hall on tqe court are ricr\ with, colonnades aqd other features. 
Tlqe desigq follows classical rqodels throughout, tlqe detail being followed 
from, tlqe renaissance of Seville aqd other Spanish towns, as being appropriate 
to a Columbiaq celebratioq. Aq arcade oq th.e first story admits passage 
around tlqe buildings under cover, aqd as iq all tqe other buildings, tqe front 
is formed of "staff" colored to aq attractive tone; tqe ceilings are enriched with, 
strong color. A colonnade with, a cafe at either eqd forms tqe length betweeq 
Machinery aqd Agricultural Halls, aqd iq tqe center of this colonnade is aq 
achway leading to tlqe Cattle Exhibit. Fronq this portico there extends a view 
nearly a mile iq length, dowq tqe Lagooq, aqd aq obelisk aqd fountaiq iq tqe 
Lagooq fornq tlqe southerq point of this vista, 



THE MACHINERY ANNEX. 

STANDING west of tlqe Administration Building, is tqe Machinery tqe tremendous display of boilers, while iq aq adjoining portioq of tlqeANNEX 

^N Annex. It covers nearly nine acres aqd is entered by tunnels aqd building is established tlqe spacious plant for engines aqd dynamos. This is 

**"■* — ^bridges fronq Machinery Hall aqd tqe Administration, Mines, aqd tqe largest aqd most iqteresting display of electrical power ever made, and 

Transportation Buildings. It is a simple building, built iq aq economic fully illustrates the wonderful development in that branch of science, 
manner. Attached to tlqis great Annex is tlqe Power-house, containing 



TME MALL OE MINES AND MINING. 



vQOCATED at the southern extremity of the western Lagooq or Lake, and 
J* betweeq the Electricity and Transportation Buildings, is the Mines 
a— ^— ' And Mining Building. The architect of this building, which is 700 
feet long by 350 wide, is S. S. Beman, of Chicago. Its architecture has 
its inspiration iq early Italiaq renaissance, witq which, sufficient liberty 
is takeq to invest the building witq the animatioq that should charac- 
terize a great general Expositioq. There is a decided French spirit pervading 
the exterior design, but it is kept well subordinated. In plaq it is simple and 
straightforward, embracing oq the ground floor spacious vestibules, restaur- 
ants, toilet rooms, etc. Oq eacq of the four sides of the building are placed 
the entrances, those of the nortlq and south, fronts being the most spacious 
and prominent. To the right and left of each, entrance, inside, start broad 
flights of easy stairs leading to the galleries. The galleries are 60 feet wide 
and 25 feet high, frorq the ground floor, and are lighted oq the sides by large 
windows and frorq above by a higq clearstory extending around the buildiqg, 
The maiq fronts look southward oqthe great Central Court and northward 
oq the westerq and rqiddle lakes and a beautiful thickly wooded island. 
These principal fronts display enormous arched entrances, richly embellished 
with, sculptural decorations, emblematic of Mining and its allied industries. 
At eacr\ end of these fronts are large square pavilions surrqounted by low 
dorqes which, mark the four corners of the building and are lighted by large 
arched windows extending through the galleries. 

Between the main entrance and the pavilions are richly decorated arcades 
forming aq opeq loggia oq the grouqd floor and a deeply recessed prome- 
nade oq the gallery floor level, which, commands a fine view of the lakes and 
islands to the northward and the great Central Court oq the south,. These 
covered promenades are each 25 feet wide and 230 feet long, and frorq therq 
is had access to the building at numerous points. These loggias oq the first 
floor are faced with, marbles of different kinds and hues, which will be con- 
sidered part of the Mining Exhibit, and so uilizted as to have marketable 
value at the close of the Expositioq. The loggia ceilings will be heavily 
coffered and richly decorated iq plaster and color. The ornamentatioqis 



massed at the prominent points of the facade. The exterior presents a mas- 
sive, though, graceful appearance. 

The maiq fronts are 65' feet high, frorq ground to top of cornice, and the 
rqain central entrances are 90 feet to apex of pediment. The long sides of 
the building are treated in a simpler manner than the maiq fronts; large seg- 
mental windows extend through, the galleries and are placed between the 
broad piers, affording an abundance of light to the space beneath, the galleries. 

The two-storied portioq of the building, of which the gallery forms the 
upper part, extends entirely around the structure and is 60 feet wide. This 
portion is built of wood and iron combined. 

The great interior space thus enclosed is one story higq, 630 feet long 
and 230 feet wide, witq aq extreme height of 100 feet at center and 47 feet 
at sides, and is spanned by steel cantilever roof trusses supported oq steel 
columns placed 65 feet apart longitudinally, and 115 feet and 57 feet 6 inches 
transversely, thus leaving clear space iq center of building 630 feet long, and 
115 feet wide, with, two side divisions, each, 57 feet 6 inches wide and 630 feet 
long, leaving the central space encumbered with only 16 supporting steel 
posts. The cantilevers are of piq connectioq to facilitate erection. The inqer 
and higher ends of the cantilevers are 46 feet apart and the space betweeq 
thenq is spanned by riveted steel trusses witq aq elliptical chord. 

These trusses are designed so as to forrq a clearstory 12 feet high,, with, 
vertical sash, extending the entire length, of central space — 630 feet; said 
space terminating at each, end with, a great glass gable setting back 60 feet 
frorq front ends of building. The wide spacings of the cantilever necessitated 
aq extensive systerq of longitudinal perlines of the riveted lattice type. 

A great portioq of the roof is covered witq glass. It may be of interest 
to state that the cantilever systerq as applied to roofs has not beeq used here- 
tofore oq so large a scale and that the Mines Building is the only one of the 
Expositioq group, excepting the large dorqes, that has steel roof trusses. 

The exterior of this building, like that of all the others, will be made of 
"staff, "similar to that used iq facing the recent Paris Exposition buildings. The 
cost of the Mines Building is $250,000. 



THE WO/HAN'S BUILDING. 



ENCOMPASSED by luxuriant shrubs and beds of fragrant flowers, like a 
white silhoutte against a back ground of old and stately oaks, is seeq 
the Woman's Building, situated iq the north-westerq part of the Park, 
separated by a generous distance frorq the Horticultural Building orj the 
one side, and the Illinois State Building oq the other, and facing the great 
Lagooq witq the Wooded Island as a vista. A more beautiful site could not 
have beeq selected for this daintily designed building, 

Amongst a great number of sketches submitted iq competitioq for this 
building by wonqen frorq all over the land, it did not take the President of 
the Board of Lady Managers, Mrs. Potter Palmer, long, with, her exquisite 
taste, to decide upoq her choice. She quickly discovered iq the sketch sub- 
mitted by Miss Sophia G. Hayden that harmony of grouping and graceful- 
ness of details which, indicate the architectural scholar, and to her was award- 
ed the first prize of a thousand dollars, and also the execution of the desigq, 
The second and third prizes were giveq respectively to Miss Lois L. Howe, 
of Boston, and Miss Laura Hayes, of Chicago, both fully deserving the 
honors conferred upoq therq. 

Miss Hayden, who, as a pupil iq the architectural class iq the School of 
Technology, iq Bostoq, graduated with, high, honors, immediately went to Chi- 
cago and personally made the plans and elevations for the building. 

Directly iq front of the building the Lagooq takes the forrq of a bay, 
about 400 feet in width,. Frorq the center of this bay a grand landing and 
staircase leads to a terrace six feet above the water. Crossing this terrace 
other staircases give access to the ground, four feet above, oq which,, about 
100 feet back, the building is situated. The first terrace is designed in artis- 
tic flowerbeds and low shrubs, forming, together with, the crearqy-white bal- 
ustrades rising frorq the water's edge, and also iq front of the second terrace, 
a charming foreground for the fiqe edifice. The principal facade has aq 
extreme length, of 400 feet, the depth, of the building being half this distance. 
Italiaq renaissance is the style selected. Its delicacy of lines is well adapted 
to represent this temple for the fair sex. 

The main grouping consists of a center pavilion flanked at each, end with. 



corner pavilions connected iq the first story by opeq arcades iqthe curtains, 
forming a shady promenade the whole length of the structure. The first 
story is raised about ten feet frorq the ground line, and a wide staircase leads 
to the center pavilioq. This pavilioq, forming the rqaiq triple arched entrance 
with, aq open colonnade iq the second story, is finished with a low and beauti- 
fully proportioned pediment enriched with a highly elaborate bas-relief, The 
corner pavilions, being like the rest of the building, two stories high, with a 
total elevatioq of 60 feet, have each, aq opeq colonnade added above the 
rqaiq cornice. Here are located the Hanging Gardens, and also the committee 
rooms of the Board of Lady Managers. 

A lobby 40 feet wide leads into the open rotunda, 70x65 feet, reaching 
through, the height of the building and protected by a richly ornarqented 
skylight. This rotunda is surrounded by a two story open arcade, as delicate 
and chaste iq desigq as the exterior, the whole having a thoroughly Italiaq 
court-yard effect, admitting abundance of light to all rooms facing this inte- 
rior space. On the first floor, oq each, side of the rqain entrance and occupy- 
ing the entire space of curtains, are located, oq the left hand, a model 
qospital, on the right a model kindergarten, each occupying 80x60 feet. 

The whole floor of the south, pavilioq is devoted to the retrospective ex- 
hibit, the one oq the north,, to reforrq work and charity organization. Each of 
these floors is 80 x 200 feet. Th,e curtaiq opposite the rqaiq front contains the 
library, bureau of informatioq, records, etc. 

Iq the second story, above the maiq entrance and curtains, are located 
ladies' parlors, committee rooms and dressing rooms, all leading to the opeq 
balcony iq front, and commanding a splendid panorama of almost the entire 
ground. The whole second floor of the qortq pavilioq incloses the great 
Assembly-roorq and Club-roorq. The first of these is provided with, aq ele- 
vated stage, where wise words will be heard frorq pretty lips. The south, 
pavilioq contains the model kitchen, refreshrqent rooms, reception rooms, etc. 

The building is contructed of "staff," the same material used for the restof 
the buildings, and as it stands with its mellow, decorated walls bathed in the 
bright sunshine, the worqeq of the country are justly proud of the result. 



BALLOON OR BIRDSEYE VIEW. 



A X /ONDERFULLY beautiful is the picture presented by the Birdseye View 
VV of tr\e Exposition, Grounds aqd Buildings. Whether from, th^e dome 
of the Administration Building or from, a captive balloon,, the visitor will be 
amply repaid iq looking down, upoq this magnificent array of graceful aqd im- 
posing edifices aqd vast expanse of Park. Spread out beneath; him, lie more 
thaq 600 acres fronting on. Lake Michigaq — oqe of tqe grandest of inland seas — 
aqd containing scores of great structures which, embody th,e best cenceptions 
of America's greatest architects. 

In, th,e northerq portioq of tf\e grounds he may see a picturesque group of 
buildings, forty or fifty of them,, constituting a veritable village of palaces. 
Here oq a hundred acres or more, beautifully laid out, staqd the buildings of 
Foreigq Nations aqd of a number of t\\e States of tr\e Union,, surrounded by 
lawqs, walks aqd beds of flowers aqd shrubbery. These are ranged oq wide 
curving avenues and constitute oqe of tqe most interesting portions of the en- 
tire Expositioq. Iq tlqe westerq part of tf\e group stands the ILLINOIS BUILDING, 
severely classic iq style, with a dorqe iq the center aqd a great porch facing 
southward. Iq this portioq of the Park, too, staqds the Fine Arts Building, a 
magnificent palace costing half a million. Just south of the Foreigq aqd State 
buildings may be observed a considerable expanse of the Lagooq, with i n ' et to 
the Lake, and encompassing three islands, Oq the largestoqestands the United 
States Fisheries Building, flanked at each eqd by acurved arcade connecting 
it with two polygonal pavilions in which aquaria aqd the tackle exhibit are dis- 
played. A little farther south, across aq area of the Lagooq, is the United 
States Government Building. Oq the Lake shore east of its building, aqd in 
part iq the intervening space, the Government shows a guq battery, life- 
saving statioq complete with apparatus, a lighthouse, war balloon, aqd a full 
size model of a $3,000,000 Battleship of the first class. 

To the southward of the Government Building stands the largest of 
the Expositioq structures, that of Manufactures and Liberal Arts. Sur- 
rounding this oq all sides is a porcq two stories iq height, affording a de- 
lightful promenade aqd a view of the grounds aqd buildings generally. 
A little farther south extending 1,000 feet into the Lake is the Pier, which 



affords a landing place for the Lake steamers, aqd encloses a harbor. This 
harbor is bounded oq the east far out iq the Lake by the beautiful facade 
of tqe Casino, iq whose free space crowds of meq aqd womeq, protected by 
ceiling of gay awnings, look east to the Lake aqd west to the long vista betweeq 
the maiq edifices as far as the gilded dorqe of the Administration Building. 
The first notable object iq this vista is the colossal Statue of Liberty rising out 
of the Lagooq at the point where it enters the land, protected by moles which 
carry sculptured columns emblematic of the Tqirteeq Original States of the 
Unioq. Beyond this lies a broad basiq from, which 9 ra ssy terraces aqd broad 
walks lead oq the north to the south elevatioq of the enorrqous Main Building, 
aqd oq the south to the structures dedicated to Agriculture, Live Stock, 
Forestry and the Dairy industry. 

Frorq the Pier extending westward across the Park, is a long avenue or 
court, several hundred feet wide, affording a view of almost unparalleled 
splendor. All dowq this Grand Avenue, encompassing a beautiful sheet of 
water, stand imposing buildings along the majestic facades of which sweeps 
the gaze of the visitor uqtil it rests oq the Administration Building nearly a 
mile distant. West of the Agricultural Buiding stands Machinery Hall, 
which is its equal iq size aqd is especially rich iq architectural lines aqd details. 

To the northward of the Administration Building oq either side aqd 
facing the Grand Avenue stand two more immense buildings, oqe for the 
Electrical and the other for the Mining Exhibit. 

Near by is the Wooded Island— adelightful genq of primitive nature, iq 
striking contrast with th e elaborate productions of humaq skill which surround it, 

Iq the southwesterq portioq of the grounds the spectator observes the 
great depots, the numerous railway tracks aqd the rapid coming aqd going 
of the trains taking visitors to aqd frorq the Grounds. To the northward is the 
great Transportation Building, aqd still farther oq stands the Horticul- 
tural Building, which is oqe of the most beautiful of the many beautiful 
edifices. Farther north still is the Woman's Building, aqd to the westward of 
it are the Bazar of all Nations and a various collectioq of structures aqd 
attractions of a semi-private character, all interesting to the visitor. 



